Human Body: How Does It Function? - Nervous, Digestive, Respiratory, Reproductive And Other Systems
The body is an outstanding "machine". It is composed of several systems, which is formed by organs that have their own distinct and unique functions.
NERVOUS SYSTEM
Your nervous system is made up of two parts: the central nervous system, which includes the brain and the spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system, which consists of neurons found all over the body. The brain helps to regulate all the other systems of the body by sending signals down the spinal cord and through the body's nerves to all the other organs. Different parts of the brain specialize in processing thoughts, memories, feelings, dreams, speech, physical coordination, balance, hunger, and sleep. Your nervous system is extremely complicated and helps the systems in your body to communicate.
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
This system is responsible for taking in and out the food and liquids you consume and making sure you get the nutrients you need for what you eat. It also gets rid of solid waste. When food enters the mouth, glands under the tongue secrete saliva (or spit), which helps to moisten the food as you it. The food is swallowed into the esophagus, a tube that leads to the stomach. The stomach produces acid that turns the food into a thick liquid. This liquid enters the intestines, where enzymes bile, (made by the liver and stores in the gall bladder) and insulin (made in the pancreas) digest it even further. As the food moves through the small then large intestine, its water and nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream. Finally, the solid waste that is left passed out of the body.
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
The respiratory system supplies your body with oxygen. Air that enters the nose and mouth moves down the trachea, or windpipe, and into large bronchial tubes that are connected to each lobe, or side, of the lungs. The tubes branch into many smaller tubes that end in tiny passageways called alveoli. In these teeny spaces, oxygen enters the bloodstream and carbon dioxide is removed, sent back up the trachea and breathed out through the nose and mouth.
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
This system is responsible for producing sperm cells in men and egg cells in women. The reproductive system allows sperm and egg cells to combine to form an embryo, which eventually becomes a baby.
URINARY SYSTEM
The urinary system is responsible for eliminating excess fluid from the body. The body's two kidneys remove toxins from the water flowing in the bloodstream. Those toxins then travel through tubes called ureters and into the bladder, where they remain until leaving the body as urine.
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
This system is made up of skin, sweat and glands, nails and hair. It protects the inside of the body by forming a barrier to the outside atmosphere. The skin senses touch, heat, cold and pain and sends signals to the brain. The bran then sends signals back to the appropriate body parts so they can react correctly to those sensations. Sweat glands in your skin help the body cool itself. The skin's oil glands keep the body from drying out. Nail provide defense, and hair provides protection and warmth.
The body is an outstanding "machine". It is composed of several systems, which is formed by organs that have their own distinct and unique functions.
NERVOUS SYSTEM
Your nervous system is made up of two parts: the central nervous system, which includes the brain and the spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system, which consists of neurons found all over the body. The brain helps to regulate all the other systems of the body by sending signals down the spinal cord and through the body's nerves to all the other organs. Different parts of the brain specialize in processing thoughts, memories, feelings, dreams, speech, physical coordination, balance, hunger, and sleep. Your nervous system is extremely complicated and helps the systems in your body to communicate.
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
This system is responsible for taking in and out the food and liquids you consume and making sure you get the nutrients you need for what you eat. It also gets rid of solid waste. When food enters the mouth, glands under the tongue secrete saliva (or spit), which helps to moisten the food as you it. The food is swallowed into the esophagus, a tube that leads to the stomach. The stomach produces acid that turns the food into a thick liquid. This liquid enters the intestines, where enzymes bile, (made by the liver and stores in the gall bladder) and insulin (made in the pancreas) digest it even further. As the food moves through the small then large intestine, its water and nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream. Finally, the solid waste that is left passed out of the body.
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
The respiratory system supplies your body with oxygen. Air that enters the nose and mouth moves down the trachea, or windpipe, and into large bronchial tubes that are connected to each lobe, or side, of the lungs. The tubes branch into many smaller tubes that end in tiny passageways called alveoli. In these teeny spaces, oxygen enters the bloodstream and carbon dioxide is removed, sent back up the trachea and breathed out through the nose and mouth.
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
This system is responsible for producing sperm cells in men and egg cells in women. The reproductive system allows sperm and egg cells to combine to form an embryo, which eventually becomes a baby.
URINARY SYSTEM
The urinary system is responsible for eliminating excess fluid from the body. The body's two kidneys remove toxins from the water flowing in the bloodstream. Those toxins then travel through tubes called ureters and into the bladder, where they remain until leaving the body as urine.
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
This system is made up of skin, sweat and glands, nails and hair. It protects the inside of the body by forming a barrier to the outside atmosphere. The skin senses touch, heat, cold and pain and sends signals to the brain. The bran then sends signals back to the appropriate body parts so they can react correctly to those sensations. Sweat glands in your skin help the body cool itself. The skin's oil glands keep the body from drying out. Nail provide defense, and hair provides protection and warmth.
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